Normative References

Below the normative references and respective acronyms included in these Technical Specifications:

[CAD]

Legislative Decree No. 82 of March 7, 2005, as amended, containing the 'Digital Administration Code'.

[REF_ACCESSIBILITY]

Accessibility Guidelines for IT Tools as per Article 11 of Law 4/2004. Directive (EU) 2019/882 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on the accessibility requirements for products and services.

[GL_DESIGN]

Design Guidelines for websites and digital services provided by public administrations, pursuant to Article 53, paragraph 1-ter of Legislative Decree No. 82 of March 7, 2005, as amended.

Defined Terms and Acronyms

The terms User, Trust Service, Trust Model, Trusted List, Trust Framework, Attribute, Electronic Attestations of Attributes Provider or Trust Service Provider (TSP), Person Identification Data (PID), Revocation List, Qualified Electronic Attestations of Attributes Provider or Qualified Trust Service Provider (QTSP), Electronic Attestation of Attributes (EAA), are defined in the EIDAS-ARF.

Below is the description of acronyms and definitions which are useful for further insights into topics that complement the IT-Wallet System and the interacting components.

Name	Description	Notes
Accreditation Process	Process performed by the National Accreditation Body to accreditate CABs. As a result of the Accreditation Process, a NAB issues an accreditation certificate to a CAB.
Attributes	A set of characteristics, qualities, rights, or permissions of a natural or legal person, or of an object, or even a single piece of such information.
Authentication	An electronic process that enables the confirmation of the Electronic Identification of a natural or legal person, or the origin and integrity of data in electronic form (in the context of the Guidelines, for example, Attributes).
Authentic Source	Public entity or private entity responsible for the repository or system, considered a primary source for Attributes or for Personal Identification Data, and whose authenticity is recognized in accordance with Union or national law, including administrative practice.
Certification Process	Process performed by Conformity Assessment Bodies to certify the Wallet Solution. The Certification Process aims to periodically assess technical Wallet Solutions (e.g. performing vulnerability assessment and risk analysis). As a result of the Certification Process a certification is provided to the Wallet Solution.
Conformity Assessment Body (CAB)	A conformity assessment body as defined in Article 2, point 13, of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008, which is accredited in accordance with that Regulation as competent to carry out conformity assessment of a qualified trust service provider and the qualified trust services it provides, or as competent to carry out certification of Wallet Solutions or electronic identification means.	Aligned with ARF v1.4.
Credential Issuer	An Organizational Entity providing Digital Credentials to Users. It may be PID Provider or (Q)EAA Providers.	Revised from ARF v1.4. Differences: (i) merged the PID Providers and (Q)EEA Providers definitions using the general term Digital Credential, (ii) renamed “Member Stare or other legal entity” in “Organizational Entity” ARF alternative terms: PID Providers, (Q)EEA Providers, Attestation Provider. Alternative terms: Verifiable Credential Issuer, Electronic Attestation Provider.
Credential Status Assertion	Signed document serving as proof of a Digital Credential's current validity status.
Critical Assets	They are assets within or in relation to a Wallet Unit (for example cryptographic keys) of such importance that their incapacitation or destruction would have a very serious, debilitating effect on the ability to rely on the Wallet Unit.	Revised from Implementing Act. Differences: editorial.
Cryptographic Hardware Key Tag	A unique identifier created by the operating system for the Cryptographic Hardware Keys, utilized to gain access to the private key stored in the hardware.
Cryptographic Hardware Keys	During the app initialization, the Wallet Instance generates a pair of keys, one public and one private, which remain valid for the entire duration of the Wallet Instance's life. Functioning as a Master Key for the personal device, these Cryptographic Hardware Keys are confined to the OS domain and are not designed for signing arbitrary payloads. Their primary role is to provide a unique identification for each Wallet Instance.
Device Integrity Service	A service provided by device manufacturers that verifies the integrity and authenticity of the app instance (Wallet Instance), as well as certifying the secure storage of private keys generated by the device within its dedicated hardware. It's important to note that the terminology used to describe this service varies among manufacturers.
Digital Credential	A signed set of Attributes encapsulated in a specific data format, such as mDoc-CBOR format specified in [ISO 18013-5] or the SD-JWT VC format specified in [SD-JWT-VC]. This may be a Personal Identification Data (PID), (Qualified) Electronic Attestation of Attribute ((Q)EAA).	Revised from ARF v1.4. Differences: The definition from ARF restricts the data format to mDoc-CBOR and SD-JWT VC. A Digital Credential definition should be neutral on the format. Alternative terms: Electronic Attestation, Attestation, Verifiable Credential, Digital Attestation.
Federation Authority	A public governance entity that issues guidelines and technical rules and administers - directly or through its intermediary - Trusted Lists, services, and accreditation processes, the status of participants, and their eligibility evaluation. It also performs oversight functions.
Holder	Natural or Legal person that receives Digital Credentials from the Credential Issuers, manages the Digital Credentials within the Wallet Instance, and presents them to Verifiers. The Holder is the User in control of the Wallet.
Holder Key Binding	Ability of the Holder to prove legitimate possession of the private part, related to the public part attested by a Trusted Third Party.
Identity and Access Management (IAM)	Identity and access management, or IAM, is a framework of business processes, policies and technologies that facilitates the management of digital identities. With an IAM framework in place, IT security teams can control user access to critical information within their organizations.
IT-Wallet System	Set of Technical Solutions that implement the "Italian Digital Wallet System" pursuant to Article 64-quater of [CAD].
IT-Wallet System Register	Register containing the list of public entities and private entities that are registered in the IT-Wallet System.
Key Attestation	An attestation from the device's OEM that enhances your confidence in the keys used in your Wallet Instance being securely stored within the device's hardware-backed keystore. Its content is therefore defined by the operating system manufacturer. For Google Android, the term Key Attestation refers to the Strongbox Key Attestation feature. For Apple iOS, the reference is to the Device Check service, specifically the attestKey feature.
Level of Assurance	The degree of confidence in the vetting process used to establish the identity of the User and the degree of confidence that the User who presents the credential is the same User to whom the Digital Credential was issued.
Metadata	Digital artifact that contains all the required information about an Organizational Entity, e.g., protocol related endpoints and the Organizational Entity’s cryptographic public keys (for the complete list check requirement “Metadata Content”).
National Accreditation Bodies (NAB)	A body that performs accreditation with authority derived from a Member State under Regulation (EC) No 765/2008.	Alignes with ARF v1.4. Alternative terms: Accreditation Authority.
National Identity Provider	It represents preexisting identity systems based on SAML2 or OpenID Connect Core 1.0, already in production in each Member State (eg: the Italian SPID and CIE id schemes notified eIDAS with LoA High, see SPID/CIE-OpenID-Connect-Specifications).
Notification Process	Process defining how information is transferred to the European Commission and the inclusion of an entity in the Trusted List.
Organizational Entity	A legal person (only considering organizations and public entities, not natural/physical persons) recognized through a unique identifier to operate a certain role within the IT-Wallet ecosystem.	In this category the following entity roles are included: Wallet Provider, Credential Issuer, Relying Party, QTSP In general, any kind of Entity that must be registered through a national registration mechanism. Alternative terms: legal person (only considering organizations and public entities, not natural/physical persons).
PID Provider	A Credential Issuer responsible for issuing and revoking Person Identification Data (PID) to Users, ensuring that the PID of a User is cryptographically bound to a Wallet Unit.	Revised from ARF v1.4 and Implementing Act. Differences: editorial (renamed “Member Stare or other legal entity” and "natural or legal person", respectively).
Policy Language	A formal language used to define security, privacy, and identity management policies that govern interactions and transactions within a Trust Framework. This language allows for the clear and unambiguous expression of rules and conditions, facilitating the automation of processes and interoperability among different systems and organizations.
Primary Actors	The set of public entities and private entities that implement the Technical Solutions for the functioning of the IT-Wallet System.
Pseudonym	Pseudonyms are alternative identifier used to represent an entity (such as a person or organization) without revealing their true identity. It provides a layer of privacy and anonymity while still allowing for consistent authentication and authorization within a system.
Qualified Electronic Attestation of Attributes (QEAA)	A digitally verifiable attestation in electronic form, issued by a QTSP, that substantiates a person's possession of attributes.	Alternative term: Electronic Attestation of Attributes
Qualified Electronic Attestation of Attributes Provider	Organizational Entity which serves as Credential issuer providing Qualified Electronic Attestations of Attributes (QEAAs).	Alternative term: Electronic Attestation of Attributes Provider
Qualified Electronic Signature Provider	The Electronic Trust Service Provider responsible for the issuing of Qualified Electronic Signature certificates to the User.
Registration Authority	A party responsible for registering all the Organizational Entities by issuing a Trust Assertion	Alternative term: Registrar.
Registration Process	Process performed by a Registration Authority verifying necessary information to ensure Organizational Entity eligibility and compliance with the relevant rules and standards. The main goal of the Registration Process is for the Organizational Entity to receive one or more Trust Assertions to be used for the Trust Evaluation processes.
Relying Party	An Organizational Entity that relies upon an electronic identification or a Trust Service originating from a Wallet Instance.	Revised from ARF v1.4. Differences: renamed “natural or legal person” in “Organizational Entity”.
Relying Party Solution	A comprehensive product that may include software, hardware, cloud services, and configurations. It facilitates Credential presentations in various contexts - online, offline, proximity, or remote - through the use of remote web services or specialized applications, such as Credential Verifier mobile apps and or embedded technologies.
Relying Party Backend	Remote infrastructure with server-side components, generally RESTful, including a predefined set of web endpoints, managed by a Relying Party Solution provider.
Relying Party Instance	A Relying Party Instance in the context of a mobile application or a standalone embedded device refers to a specific deployment of the application or device. These instances depend on an User Authentication through a Wallet Instance to confirm User identities before granting access to their functionalities. Each version or environment where the application or device is running, be it a particular release of a mobile app installed on a User's smartphone or a specific embedded device in use, constitutes a separate instance. In case of proximity supervised scenarios, it belongs to and is controlled by a Verifier.	Revised from ARF v1.4. Differences: added a sentence on proximity supervised scenarios. Alternative terms: Verifier App.
Selective Disclosure	Functionality enabling the User to submit a subset of Digital Credentials Data
Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI)	Is an approach to digital identity that gives individuals control over the information they use to prove who they are to websites, services, and applications across the web.
Supervision Process	Process performed by a Supervisory Body to review and ensure proper functioning of the Wallet Provider and other relevant actors.
Technical Solutions	Set of hardware and software systems and services implemented by the Wallet Solution Providers, the PID Provider, Qualified Electronic Attestation of Attributes Provider, Verifiers and Aggregators.
Technical Specifications	The specifications that provide the technical architecture, implementation framework and design requirements for the User Experience adopted by the IT-Wallet System Technical Solutions.
Trust	Trust, within the technical field, is the confidence in the security, reliability, and integrity of entities (such as systems, organizations, or individuals) and their actions, ensuring that they will operate as expected in a secure and predictable manner. It is often established through empirical proof, such as past performance, security certifications, or transparent operational practices, which demonstrate a track record of adherence to security standards and ethical conduct.
Trust Assertion	Cryptographically verifiable artifact that proves the compliance of an Organizational Entity with known rules and requirements defined within the Trust Model.	Alternative terms: Verifiable Attestation, Access Certificate.
Trust Attestation	Electronic attestation of an entity's compliance with the national regulatory framework, which is cryptographically verifiable and cannot be repudiated over time by the entity that issued it. A Trust Attestation is always related to a particular Trust Framework.
Trust Evaluation	The process of verifying the trustworthiness of registered Organizational Entities, in accordance with pre-established rules. For example, involving the retrieval and validation of entity configurations and trust chains.	Alternative terms: Trust Discovery, Trust Establishment.
Trust Framework	A legally enforceable set of operational and technical rules and agreements that govern a multi-party system designed for conducting specific types of transactions among a community of participants and bound by a common set of requirements.
Trust Layer	Architectural component that enables IT-Wallet System participants to establish trust, in terms of reliability and compliance of all participants with the regulatory framework governing the digital identity system.
Trust Model	Collection of rules that ensure the legitimacy of the components and the entities involved in the IT-Wallet ecosystem.
Trust Relationship	Positive outcome of Trust Evaluation, which produces a reliable relationship between Organizational Entities, where one Organizational Entity trusts the other to securely handle data, execute transactions, or perform actions on its behalf.
Access Certificate	A Certificate for electronic seals or signatures authenticating and validating the (Wallet-) Relying Party, issued by a provider of wallet-relying party Access Certificates.
Registration Certificate	A data object that indicates the attributes the Relying Party has registered to intend to request from Users.
Certificate Signing Request (CSR)	Request sent to a Certificate Authority (CA) that contains the public key and identifying information of the entity requesting a digital certificate.
Metadata	Digital artifact that contains all the required information about an Organizational Entity, e.g., protocol related endpoints and the Organizational Entity’s cryptographic public keys (for the complete list check requirement "Metadata Content").
Policy Language	A formal language used to define security, privacy, and identity management policies that govern interactions and transactions within a Trust Framework. This language allows for the clear and unambiguous expression of rules and conditions, facilitating the automation of processes and interoperability among different systems and organizations.
Registration Process	Process performed by a Registration Authority verifying necessary information to ensure Organizational Entity eligibility and compliance with the relevant rules and standards. The main goal of the Registration Process is for the Organizational Entity to receive one or more Trust Assertions to be used for the Trust Evaluation processes.
Accreditation Process	Process performed by the National Accreditation Body to accreditate CABs. As a result of the Accreditation Process, a NAB issues an accreditation Certificate to a CAB.
Trusted List	Repository of information about authoritative entities in a particular legal or contractual context which provides information about their current and historical status. It serves as the bedrock of trust, acting as federative sources that publish the crucial information about root entities within the ecosystem.
User	A natural or legal person, or a natural person representing another natural person or a legal person, that uses a trust services or electronic identification means.	Aligned with ARF v1.4.
User Attribute	A characteristic, quality, right or permission of a natural or legal person or of an object.	Aligned with ARF v1.4. Alternative terms: Attribute, User Claim.
Verifier	Also known as Credential Verifier. It is a natural person or a legal person using an Relying Party Instance.
Wallet Instance	It is an application installed and configured on a User's device belonging to and which is controlled by a User, as part of the Wallet Unit. The Wallet Instance provides graphical interfaces for User interaction with the Wallet Unit.	Revised from Implementing Act. Differences: editorial. Alternative terms: Wallet
Wallet Provider	An Organizational Entity, responsible for the management and provisioning of a Wallet Solution.	Revised from ARF v1.4 and Implementing Act. Differences: editorial (use of Organizational Entity instead of public or private organisation and natural or legal person, respectively). Alternative terms: Wallet Solution Provider
Wallet Provider Backend	Is the technical infrastructure and server-side components, including a set of endpoints, managed by a Wallet Provider.
Wallet Secure Cryptographic Application (WSCA)	An application that manages Critical Assets utilizing the cryptographic functions provided by the	The type of WSCAs depends on the type of WSCD. For example, it might be an eUICC or JavaCard applet for a local UICC or an external JavaCard-based smart card solution, while in a local Android hardware-backed Keystore solution, native trusted applications may function as the WSCA. Revised from Implementing Act. Differences: editorial.
Wallet Secure Cryptographic Device (WSCD)	It is a tamper-resistant device that provides an environment that is linked to and used by the WSCA to protect Critical Assets and provide cryptographic functions for the secure execution of critical operations.	Example of WSCD type are: remote solutions (e.g., HSMs), local external solutions (e.g., smart cards), local device-integrated solutions (e.g., UICC or native cryptographic hardware, such as the iOS Secure Enclave, Android Hardware Backed Keystore or StrongBox), and hybrid solutions that combine two or more of these types. Aligned with Implementing Act.
Wallet Solution	Set of Technical Solutions necessary for the proper functioning of IT-Wallet Instances, implemented in accordance with Article 64-quater of the CAD. The IT-Wallet Solution MAY be referred to as Public IT-Wallet Solution for the IT-Wallet Solution referred to in Article 64-quater, paragraph 2, of [CAD] or Private IT-Wallet Solutions for the IT-Wallet Solutions made available by private entities.
Wallet Unit	Unique configuration of a Wallet Solution that includes Wallet Instances, WSCAs, and WSCDs provided by a Wallet Provider to an individual Wallet User. For device-based WSCD implementations like TEEs, the Wallet Provider may not supply the WSCD itself.	A Wallet Unit should be understood as a specific setup of the Wallet Solution for an individual User. It should include the application installed on a Wallet User's device or environment that the Wallet User interacts with directly (the Wallet Instance) and the necessary security features to protect the user's data and transactions. These security features should involve special software or hardware to encrypt and safeguard sensitive information. Revised from Implementing Act. Differences: added sentence that specify that a Wallet Provider may not supply the WSCD.
Wallet Unit Attestation	It is a data object issued by a Wallet Provider that describes the components of the Wallet Unit. It allows authentication and validation of those components and is cryptographically bound to Wallet Secure Cryptographic Devices.	Alternative terms: Wallet Attestation or Wallet Instance Attestation.

Below are the main defined terms and definitions related to User Experience aspects:

Name	Description	Notes
Authentication Button	The Engagement Button that enables the User to access the Authentication process and use the services provided by Verifiers.
Brand Identity	Collection of visual, verbal, and strategic elements that a service, a product or an entity uses to present itself to the User and to distinguish itself from others.
Catalog	Section of the Wallet Instance that displays the list of all the available Digital Credentials that can be obtained through the IT-Wallet Instance, and from which it is possible to start the issuing process.
Call To Action	A clear and direct suggestion that encourages users to take a specific action. It can be a button, a link, or another element guiding the user toward a particular goal.
Detailed View	Extended display mode of the Digital Credentials, showing all the Attributes included.
Discovery Page	It’s the page of the Touchpoint of the Relying Party where the User lands to access their authenticated area, and it has the goal to show the User all the Authentication methods available.
Engagement Button	Interactive element of the Interface that allows the User to trigger a process (e.g. to Authenticate, to request the issuance of a Digital Credential, etc.).
Interaction Model	A set of characteristics that define how the User interacts with the Interface of one or multiple Touchpoints in order to complete a task or operation and achieve a specific goal.
Interface	The set of graphic, typographical and interactive elements through which the User interacts with the Touchpoint(s) responsible for the delivery of a product or service, in compliance with [GL_DESIGN].
Preview View	Compact visualization mode of the Digital Credential that allows it to be recognized and distinguished in a list of Electronic Attestations thanks to the presence of minimum data or elements.
Service Model	Set of interactions between actors and touchpoints necessary for service delivery and fruition.
Touchpoint	Point of contact (digital and not) between the User and the product or service.
Trust Mark	A graphic element that gives evidence of the participation of the Primary Actors in the IT-Wallet System and thus guarantees adherence to its standards.
User Experience	The set of people's perceptions and reactions resulting from the use and/or expectation of use of a product, system or service.	Aligned with ISO 9241-210:2010
Visual Identity	Coherent set of graphic and typographic elements that visually represent a product or service and make it distinguishable and recognizable.

Acronyms

Below are the main acronyms used in the document:

Acronym	Description
AAL	Authenticator Assurance Level as defined in https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/authenticator_assurance_level
ANPR	Italian National Registry of the Resident Population
API	Application Programming Interface
CIE	National Electronic Identity Card
IAM	Identity and Access Management
LoA	Level of Assurance
OID4VP	OpenID for Verifiable Presentation
PID	Person Identification Data
PII	Personally Identifiable Information
SPID	Italian Public Digital Identity System
SSI	Self Sovereign Identity
VC	Verifiable Credential
VP	Verifiable Presentation
WSCA	Wallet Secure Cryptographic Application
WSCD	Wallet Secure Cryptographic Device

Normative Language and Conventions

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.